Behera, Minaketan. Rajagiri Journal of Social Development; Kerala Том 12, Изд. 2, (Dec 2020): 99-114.
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Large scale migration has increased in the modern era due to better connectivity and interdependence of various parts of the world. Internal migration is one of the unexplored categories in India. Despite the facts and evidence of large rural to rural and rural to urban migration, India does not have the proper mechanisms to control, execute, and manage these internal migrants. This paper aims to study the patterns, causes, and consequences of internal migration in India. It also discusses the different policies related to India's internal migrant workers and proposes strategy frameworks on migration. The paper suggests that migrant workers' problems are enormous and calls for the government and other social stakeholders, including trade unions, to collaborate and communicate to strengthen the policies for social security and sustainable growth of migrant workers.
Keywords migration, missing women, policies
India is the second-largest populous country in the world. The total population is 1.21 billion, of which 48.5 per cent is female (Census of India, 2011). It is expected to rise to more than 1.5 billion people by 2030 (UN, 2017). The people of India are mostly poor, and the majority of them live in rural areas. The International Organisation for Migration defines migration as the movement of a person or a group of persons, either across an international border or within a State (IOM, 2008). Migration is a universal phenomenon and has been so since time immemorial. Migration is inevitable in the process of economic development. It triggers economic development, which in turn contributes to further migration. Migration plays a vital role as a coping mechanism in the absence of secure sources of income in the place of origin.
There are various reasons, meanings, and theories for the migration process and the factors that drive people to migrate. The economic benefits, higher living standards, stability, poverty alleviation, prejudice, education, and environmental changes are among the most evident reasons for migration. Migration emerged as a very significant trend and was the fundamental explanation for the urban transformation in relation to the demand and supply of labour and economic growth of the industry (Mckeown, 2004). Migration may be broadly categorised under two different headings. The first is 'internal migration' where people migrate inside a defined social.
